The Physics of the Second-order Gyrokinetic MHD Hamiltonian: µ Conservation, Galilean Invariance, and Ponderomotive Potential
Author: J.A. Krommes
Abstract:
Some physical interpretations are given of the well-known second-order gyrokinetic Hamiltonian in the MHD
limit. Its relations to the conservation of the true (Galilean-invariant) magnetic moment and fluid nonlinearities
are described. Subtleties about its derivation as a cold-ion limit are explained; it is important to
take that limit in the frame moving with the Ε Χ Β velocity. The discussion also provides some geometric
understanding of certain well-known Lie generating functions, and it makes contact with general discussions
of ponderomotive potentials and the thermodynamics of dielectric media.
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Submitted to: Physics of Plasmas
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Download PPPL-4951 (pdf 1.4 MB 4 pp)
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