Bounce-Averaged Kinetic Equations and Neoclassical Polarization Density
Authors: B.H. Fong and T.S. Hahm
The rigorous formulation of the bounce-averaged equations is presented based upon the Poincaré-Cartan one-form and Lie perturbation methods. The resulting bounce-averaged Vlasov equation is Hamiltonian, thus suitable for the self-consistent simulation of low-frequency electrostatic turbulence in the trapped ion mode regime. In the bounce-kinetic Poisson equation, the "neoclassical polarization density" arises from the difference between bounce-averaged banana center and real trapped particle densities across a field line. This representation of the neoclassical polarization drift as a shielding term provides a systematic way to study the long-term behavior of the turbulence-driven E x B flow.